Eastern North American Worlds: Rivers, Earthworks, and Living Homelands - Interactive Historical Atlas

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Eastern North American Worlds: Rivers, Earthworks, and Living Homelands

Indigenous-built landscapes, changing communities, connected rivers, and living authority.

Explore twenty selected contexts across eastern and central North America: shelter use, early pottery, earthworks, river towns, foodways, exchange and living heritage. Material classifications, languages, political communities and modern identities remain distinct.

20
profiles in this release
3
regional contexts
1
language families
Interactive collection

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Showing all 20 profiles

Point markers show approximate public towns or distant institutional orientation only, sometimes far from the archaeological context. They never define territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, trade-route, fishing, farming or water-rights boundaries. They do not pinpoint burials, ancestral remains, sacred places, private land or vulnerable deposits; grant no access, digging, collecting or travel permission; and do not decide ownership or current safety. Shared orientation points are intentional, not multiple sites at one coordinate.

Ohio and upper river-network contexts (orientation only)

Angel Mounds: Ohio River community and living connections

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

The site's account explains Mississippian as a comparison among diverse communities and places the town around 1100–1450 CE. The site manager's research history notes that extensive twentieth-century work still sampled only part of the settlement.

River town and earthwork context Approximately 1100–1450 CE principal town; later research distinguished Platform mounds, household archaeology, ceramics, field records and community-informed interpretation
Reference town or archaeological context
Evansville, Indiana, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Ohio and upper river-network contexts (orientation only)

Aztalan: Crawfish River and interacting communities

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

The state history describes local and Cahokia-region relationships alongside farming, craft and fortified settlement. The museum records systematic 1919 excavation and the growth of its archaeological collection; sampling and collecting shape interpretation.

River settlement and regional-interaction context Approximately 1050–1250 CE focus; published occupation bounds vary Settlement archaeology, palisade evidence, ceramics, food remains and museum collections
Reference town or archaeological context
Lake Mills, Wisconsin, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Southeastern and central river-network contexts (orientation only)

Crystal River: coastal foodways and gathering landscapes

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

The state guide describes a long-lived gathering landscape with earthworks and a shell midden. The park's excavation history distinguishes early collecting from later research and explains missing object-location records.

Coastal settlement and earthwork context First millennium BCE–first millennium CE broad context; local feature dates distinguished Shell deposits, earthen constructions, ceramics, excavation records and heritage interpretation
Reference town or archaeological context
Crystal River, Florida, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Southeastern and central river-network contexts (orientation only)

Etowah: political change and regional connections

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

The state site interprets earthworks and settlement as evidence of community organization and regional relationships. Cobb and King analyze population movement and changing political arrangements rather than a single unbroken regime.

Town, political organization and exchange context Approximately 1000–1550 CE broad frame; local occupation phases distinguished Architecture, ceramics, settlement sequences, remote sensing and archaeological models
Reference town or archaeological context
Cartersville, Georgia, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Northeastern woodland contexts (orientation only)

Ganondagan: Seneca town and living homeland

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

Ganondagan's institutional account presents a seventeenth-century Seneca town through continuing community histories, not a people confined to the past. The longhouse account distinguishes the late-twentieth-century reconstruction from a dwelling that survived the 1687 destruction.

Seneca town and community-led heritage context Seventeenth century CE focus; later interpretation and living heritage separately dated Archaeology, attributed colonial names, Seneca public interpretation and reconstructed architecture
Reference town or archaeological context
Victor, New York, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Southeastern and central river-network contexts (orientation only)

Jaketown: layered earthworks and Yazoo networks

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

The state account separates early earthworks from later construction and notes the effects of flooding. Lehmann documents surface collections and their limitations; selected objects cannot stand for every occupation or household.

Multiperiod earthwork and exchange context Late Archaic–approximately 1600 CE, with distinct occupation and construction phases Earthworks, flood deposits, stone materials, surface collections and excavation histories
Reference town or archaeological context
Belzoni, Mississippi, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Southeastern and central river-network contexts (orientation only)

Kolomoki: Woodland settlement and monumental work

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

The park places Kolomoki's major earthworks in a Woodland-period setting, not automatically a later Mississippian city. Pluckhahn's research synthesis revisits occupation history, settlement and economy rather than classifying the site by mound size alone.

Woodland settlement and earthwork context Main research synthesis approximately 350–750 CE; broader park chronology extends later Settlement archaeology, mound sequences, ceramics, environmental context and modern stewardship
Reference town or archaeological context
Blakely, Georgia, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Southeastern and central river-network contexts (orientation only)

Marksville: local choices and Hopewell-related connections

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

The state interpretation describes adoption of some distant practices alongside local choices, not one-way civilizing expansion. The exhibit dates major relief-funded investigations and restoration to the 1930s, shaping the visible landscape.

Earthwork and regional-interaction context Approximately 1–400 CE main interpretive frame; modern research later Earthworks, ceramics, comparative materials and excavation and restoration records
Reference town or archaeological context
Marksville, Louisiana, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Southeastern and central river-network contexts (orientation only)

Moundville: Black Warrior town and changing roles

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

Knight's account distinguishes intensive settlement from later changes in residential and ceremonial use. The park's guide identifies continuing Tribal relationships and explains Mississippian as a scholarly classification, not an ancient self-name.

Town, political and changing ceremonial context Approximately 1000–1450 CE main sequence; some later use and heritage distinguished Earthworks, settlement layout, material studies, excavation archives and community-informed interpretation
Reference town or archaeological context
Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Southeastern and central river-network contexts (orientation only)

Ocmulgee: households, mounds, and living Muscogee homelands

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

NPS identifies Ocmulgee as a Muscogee ancestral homeland within a much longer history of local occupation. The period account distinguishes mound-building and later regional settlement contexts rather than one unchanged town.

River settlement and living-homeland context Long earlier sequence; approximately 900–1700 CE focus; later removal and stewardship distinguished Settlement archaeology, earthworks, dated architecture, attributed historical accounts and living institutions
Reference town or archaeological context
Macon, Georgia, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Southeastern and central river-network contexts (orientation only)

Parkin: Casqui identification and colonial testimony

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

The research station describes mound, house and enclosure evidence and a sequence beginning around 1000 CE. Mitchem separates a possible historical identification from timber dating and objects; a broad date range is not an exact 1541 confirmation.

River town and attributed contact-history context Approximately 1000–1550 CE focus; later landscape and research distinguished Earthworks, house traces, European objects, dated timber and expedition accounts
Reference town or archaeological context
Wynne, Arkansas, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Southeastern and central river-network contexts (orientation only)

Pinson Mounds: gatherings and a revised landscape

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

The division places the principal construction and intensive use around 100–350 CE, separate from limited later activity. The field report documents investigation and park-development sampling; its early interpretations require comparison with later research.

Middle Woodland gathering and earthwork context Principal construction approximately 100–350 CE; later limited use distinguished Radiocarbon dates, ceramics, geophysics, topography and excavation reports
Reference town or archaeological context
Jackson, Tennessee, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Southeastern and central river-network contexts (orientation only)

Plum Bayou Mounds: earthworks, food, and gatherings

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

The research station places the principal mound center around 650–1050 CE and relates it to surrounding communities. Ford's study interprets cooking and animal-bone deposits as evidence of gatherings and distinguishes phases within one low mound.

Late Woodland gathering and earthwork context Approximately 650–1050 CE; later research and renaming distinguished Mound stratigraphy, animal and plant evidence, ceramics and research archives
Reference town or archaeological context
Little Rock, Arkansas, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Southeastern and central river-network contexts (orientation only)

Russell Cave: shelter use, foodways, and a sampled archive

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

NPS describes a long occupation record; differing public chronology summaries should not be collapsed into one exact starting date. The Woodland account reports plant seeds, pottery and tools, providing evidence of varied food practices rather than a uniform agricultural revolution.

Shelter sequence and foodways context Early Holocene–approximately 1650 CE; published duration estimates differ Stratified deposits, tools, plant and animal evidence and excavation archives
Reference town or archaeological context
Bridgeport, Alabama, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Southeastern and central river-network contexts (orientation only)

Spiro: Arkansas River exchange and heritage stewardship

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

The historical society describes long-distance material connections and different phases of settlement and mound use. The institutional FAQ distinguishes surviving earthworks from a major reconstructed feature damaged by commercial digging.

River center, exchange and heritage-damage context Approximately 800/850–1450 CE main mound-center sequence; later use distinguished Earthworks, craft materials, settlement archaeology and excavation and conservation records
Reference town or archaeological context
Fort Smith, Arkansas, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Southeastern and central river-network contexts (orientation only)

Stallings Island: pottery, river foodways, and preservation

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

The field-project account compares Stallings Island with other Savannah River sites and legacy museum collections. UGA defines a fiber-tempered, punctated pottery type; that technical category does not name all its makers' identities.

River settlement and early-pottery context Late Archaic contexts, broadly third–second millennia BCE; research later Fiber-tempered pottery, faunal samples, excavations and comparative collections
Reference town or archaeological context
Augusta, Georgia, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Ohio and upper river-network contexts (orientation only)

SunWatch: village households and reconstructed landscapes

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

The site's interpretation describes dwellings and a central plaza, while dates in institutional summaries require comparison. The society distinguishes excavated evidence from reconstructed houses and posts; it describes astronomical alignments as inferred.

Village household and reconstruction context Twelfth–thirteenth-century CE interpretations; later research and reconstruction distinguished Posthole plans, settlement archaeology, material collections and experimental reconstruction
Reference town or archaeological context
Dayton, Ohio, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Southeastern and central river-network contexts (orientation only)

Town Creek: Pee Dee contexts and changing buildings

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

The state interpretation places Town Creek in a regional South Appalachian Mississippian setting, not a single Eastern nation. The institutional record identifies a sustained archaeological program; a long investigation still does not represent every resident's voice.

Town, plaza and regional-interaction context Second millennium CE, principally precolonial building phases; regional background from around eleventh century Postholes, construction sequences, ceramics, plazas and excavation and reconstruction records
Reference town or archaeological context
Mount Gilead, North Carolina, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Southeastern and central river-network contexts (orientation only)

Watson Brake: early earthworks and collective work

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

The 2005 investigation dates initial earthworks around 3500 BCE and later building episodes, not one instantaneous project. The 1997 study combined independent material and environmental evidence to assess the early complex.

Early earthwork and foraging-community context Approximately 3500–after 3000 BCE main building sequence Coring, mound stratigraphy, radiocarbon and luminescence dating, soils and food remains
Reference town or archaeological context
Monroe, Louisiana, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Southeastern and central river-network contexts (orientation only)

Winterville: gatherings, building, and reuse

Reviewed community and place names are preserved where supported; no otherwise unknown ancient self-designation is invented.

The department describes hand-built earthworks enlarged over time, along with plazas and surrounding community activity. The trail account distinguishes earlier occupation from later major mound construction and repeated building reuse.

River community and earthwork context Approximately 1000–1450 CE main sequence; conservation later Mound stratigraphy, structures, food debris, causeways and conservation studies
Reference town or archaeological context
Greenville, Mississippi, United States (orientation only): approximate public-town or distant institutional orientation, not an excavation, burial, sacred-site, private compound or vulnerable-deposit location; never a territorial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, religious, sovereignty, farming, water-rights or route boundary. The orientation may be far from the archaeological context. No access, collecting or travel permission is implied.
Language family
Language, material classification, political allegiance, residence and living identity are distinct; this record does not classify every ancient speaker.
3 reviewed sources Read profile
Evidence-first orientation

Evidence, terminology, and living authority

Six sourced notes distinguish geographic frames, material labels, dating and damaged archives, household work and gathering, colonial testimony, and living stewardship.

Regional frames, local communities

Eastern Woodlands, Southeast and Midwest organize present-day study, not one timeless people or a map of ancient nations. Local community histories and river connections require their own chronologies; modern park and state boundaries are not ancient territorial evidence.

[C1] [C2]

Archaeological classifications and names

The Moundville guide identifies Mississippian as a scholarly comparison, while Plum Bayou's interpretation corrects an external Toltec misidentification. Similar pottery or mound forms do not supply every maker's language or determine living identity.

[C1] [C2]

Dating and damaged archives

Pinson's research history shows how natural features were reassessed and mound counts changed. Lehmann explains that Jaketown surface collections were selected and context-limited. Flooding, cultivation, looting and later reconstruction require explicit evaluation rather than a single exact regional chronology.

[C3] [C4]

Foodways, labor, and gathering

Savannah River research places pottery and material work within particular local histories. Pinson research distinguishes short-term gatherings from a proven dense permanent city. Monumental work does not require one universal chiefdom, maize economy or form of coercion, and nearby households cannot be reduced to elites alone.

[C3] [C5]

External accounts and colonial power

The Parkin investigation compares objects, timber and expedition narratives while retaining uncertainty about a proposed cross and the Casqui identification. Colonial accounts have political, religious and audience-specific viewpoints; reported events and numbers are not neutral population censuses. The 1687 destruction at Ganondagan did not end Seneca histories.

[C6] [C7]

Living authority, care, and mapping

Ganondagan and the Muscogee Nation's Council House interpret their own continuing histories; neither institution endorses this atlas. Public availability is not permission to reproduce sacred stories, objects or ancestral remains. Town-level markers grant no access, collecting, ownership or membership authority, and archaeology cannot establish a visitor's ancestry.

[C7] [C8]
  1. C1 Plum Bayou Mounds: Interpretive Trail · Arkansas State Parks
  2. C2 Moundville Archaeological Park: Self Guided Tour · University of Alabama Museums
  3. C3 Pinson Mounds State Archaeological Park · Tennessee Division of Archaeology
  4. C4 The Jaketown Site: Surface Collections from a Poverty Point Regional Center in the Yazoo Basin, Mississippi · Geoffrey R. Lehmann; Mississippi Department of Archives and History, Archaeological Report 9
  5. C5 Middle Savannah River Valley Projects · University of Florida; Laboratory of Southeastern Archaeology
  6. C6 Investigating the Possible Base of the Cross Raised at Casqui by Hernando de Soto in 1541 · Jeffrey M. Mitchem; Arkansas Archeological Survey
  7. C7 About Ganondagan: Historical Background · Ganondagan State Historic Site and Friends of Ganondagan
  8. C8 Creek Council House: Explore the History of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation · Creek Council House; Muscogee (Creek) Nation
Connected coverage

Topics already reviewed elsewhere in the atlas are linked instead of duplicated.

Poverty Point earthworks and exchange networks Open the existing profile for a distinct earthwork and exchange context, not a duplicate or proof that every connected settlement had one government. Hopewell ceremonial earthworks and regional networks Compare the established profile without turning shared materials into a single ethnicity, religion or Ohio-controlled empire. Cahokia and Mississippian urban networks Compare an independently described urban context rather than treating every Eastern community as a Cahokian colony or one biological population.
Read the data carefully

A selective regional collection, not a people census

This editorial release contains 20 profiles. Twenty selective contexts, not a census of every Eastern North American people or site. Poverty Point, Hopewell and Cahokia remain in the Americas deep-history collection and are linked below. Living Muscogee, Seneca, Haudenosaunee, Caddo, Wichita, Quapaw, Shawnee, Miami, Choctaw, Chickasaw and other histories have their own authority; changes of town or settlement are not disappearance of peoples. Great Lakes, northeastern, Atlantic coastal and many other homelands require further community-led coverage.

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