Ancient Individual

A woman buried in Spain in the Bronze Age era

Name: DNAGENICS DNA Analysis Platform
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Author: DNAGENICS

A woman buried in Spain during the Bronze Age Southeast Iberia

A fragment of the ancient world, preserved across millennia in strands of DNA.

PUC003

1882 BCE - 1746 BCE

Female

Spain

Explore Their Story Discover Your Shared Roots

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Chapter I

Identity

The biological and cultural markers that define this ancient individual

Sample ID

PUC003

Date Range

1882 BCE - 1746 BCE

Cultural Period

Bronze Age Southeast Iberia

Biological Sex

Female

mtDNA Haplogroup

U5b2a+@16192

Y-DNA Haplogroup

N/A (Female)

Social Role

Laborer (AI estimate, era-typical)

Chapter II

Place

Where this individual was discovered

Country Spain

Locality Alicante. Villena. Puntal de los Carniceros

Coordinates 38.6274, -0.8646

Chapter III

Time

When this individual lived in the broader context of human history

PUC003 1882 BCE - 1746 BCE

Chapter IV

Story

The narrative of this ancient life

Overview

Bronze Age Southeast Iberia (c. 2200–900 BCE) marks a period when local communities increasingly expressed social and economic differentiation through durable goods and metallurgy. Material culture shows both continuity in settlement lifeways and changing craft practices over time.

Region & Environment

This era is centered on southeast Iberia, encompassing coastal Mediterranean landscapes as well as interior valleys and uplands. River corridors, fertile soils, and access to marine resources supported mixed exploitation, while local differences in water availability and terrain shaped where settlements and fields could be maintained.

Historical Context

Across the Bronze Age in Iberia, regional trajectories were influenced by wider networks that linked different parts of the peninsula and the broader Mediterranean. In the southeast, developments in metalworking and consumption were gradual rather than uniform, producing recognizable regional styles and patterns in burial and domestic assemblages.

Populations & Lifeways

Populations were likely organized in small communities with households engaged in farming, herding, and craft work. Daily subsistence would have depended on cereals and pulses where soils allowed, complemented by livestock and foraging. Metal production and skilled craft activities suggest specialized knowledge distributed unevenly across settlements.

Archaeology & Material Culture

Archaeological signatures include bronze items and metal-related technologies alongside pottery traditions that allow regional comparison. Settlement debris, storage and cooking vessels, and locally made tools point to sustained domestic production. Where present, mortuary remains and grave goods can indicate status differentiation, though the strength and meaning of these signals vary by site and dataset.

Culture & Society

Culture and society in this region are best approached through patterns in craft production, exchange, and reuse of technologies. Shared material conventions—such as recurring vessel forms and metalworking practices—suggest communication among communities, while variability implies local identities within a broader Iberian framework. Social roles likely included both agricultural labor and specialist craft work.

Legacy & Transition

By the end of this period (approaching the early first millennium BCE), patterns in material culture and settlement organization would have continued to evolve toward later Iberian phases. The long Bronze Age sequence provides an important backdrop for understanding how later Iron Age societies in Iberia inherited—then transformed—earlier traditions in metallurgy, pottery styles, and community organization.

Chapter V

Genetics

These comparisons show genetic similarity, not identity or origin. The populations listed are those whose genomes show statistical alignment to this ancient individual.

Similarity reflects shared history, not shared identity. These are analytical comparisons, not claims about who this person was.

Modern Genetic Admixture

This analysis compares the DNA profile with present-day reference populations, showing statistical similarity to modern reference populations from different regions. The excavation site records where this individual was found, not a fixed modern genetic identity.

Europe 100.0%

Southern European 84.7%

Iberian 40.7%

Sardinian 22.1%

Italian 21.8%

Northwestern European 15.3%

Northwestern European 8.1%

English 7.2%

Closest Modern Populations

These are the modern populations showing the closest statistical alignment to A woman buried in Spain in the Bronze Age era, ranked by genetic distance. Lower distance values indicate closer statistical similarity. Cross-region similarity can reflect shared ancestry, population movement, continuity, or later admixture.

Spanish La Rioja

2.5479

Spanish Burgos

2.9435

Spanish Pirineu

2.9653

Spanish Aragon

2.9735

Spanish Castilla La Mancha

2.9844

Spanish Castello

2.9934

Spanish Cantabria

2.9953

Spanish Navarra

3.0339

Spanish Terres De L'ebre

3.0434

Spanish Valencia

3.0928

Context

Related Samples

This individual exists within a broader network of ancient samples. No ancient genome stands alone.

Sample ID	Culture/Period	Date	Location	Action
ALM035	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM047	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM053	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1750 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM056	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM062	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM069	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1750 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM070	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1750 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM071	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM075	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM079	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM084	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1750 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM088	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1750 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM073	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1889 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM060	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1878 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM001	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1960 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM002	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1943 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM004	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM006	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1919 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM007	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM008	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM014	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM015	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1898 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM016	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1945 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM017	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1882 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM018	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM019	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2127 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM020	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM021	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM024	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM025	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM026	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM027	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM028	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM040	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2012 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM041	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1944 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM042	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM043	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1882 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM044	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1896 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM046	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1883 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM048	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM049	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM050	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM034	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1954 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM003	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM029	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM032	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1750 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM036	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM039	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1739 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM051	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM055	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM057	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1874 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM063	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1750 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM064	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM067	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1750 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM068	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1750 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM076	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM078	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1750 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM081	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM086	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1932 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM087	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
I1304	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1741 BCE	Murcia. La Almoloya. El Argar, Spain	View
ALM080	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1750 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM031	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1750 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM030	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM058	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM077	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
ALM052	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1884 BCE	Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain	View
EFA006	Late Bronze Age Spain	1200 BCE	Balearic Islands. Menorca. Ciutadella. Es Forat de ses Aritges, Spain	View
EFA008	Late Bronze Age Spain	1200 BCE	Balearic Islands. Menorca. Ciutadella. Es Forat de ses Aritges, Spain	View
EFA009	Late Bronze Age Spain	1200 BCE	Balearic Islands. Menorca. Ciutadella. Es Forat de ses Aritges, Spain	View
EFA010	Late Bronze Age Spain	1200 BCE	Balearic Islands. Menorca. Ciutadella. Es Forat de ses Aritges, Spain	View
EFA011	Late Bronze Age Spain	1200 BCE	Balearic Islands. Menorca. Ciutadella. Es Forat de ses Aritges, Spain	View
EFA007	Late Bronze Age Spain	1200 BCE	Balearic Islands. Menorca. Ciutadella. Es Forat de ses Aritges, Spain	View
BAS003	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2023 BCE	Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain	View
BAS022	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1750 BCE	Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain	View
BAS023	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2130 BCE	Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain	View
BAS024	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2192 BCE	Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain	View
BAS025	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2134 BCE	Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain	View
BAS027	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain	View
BAS002	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1620 BCE	Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain	View
BAS018	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1865 BCE	Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain	View
BAS026	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2000 BCE	Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain	View
BAS017	The Argaric Culture of Spain	1871 BCE	Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain	View
LHO002	Bronze Age La Horna, Spain	1620 BCE	Alicante. Aspe. La Horna, Spain	View
LHO001	Bronze Age La Horna, Spain	1611 BCE	Alicante. Aspe. La Horna, Spain	View
MDP002	Early El Argar Culture Molinos de Papel, Spain	2200 BCE	Murcia. Caravaca. Molinos del Papel, Spain	View
MDP003	Early El Argar Culture Molinos de Papel, Spain	2197 BCE	Murcia. Caravaca. Molinos del Papel, Spain	View
MDP001	Early El Argar Culture Molinos de Papel, Spain	2297 BCE	Murcia. Caravaca. Molinos del Papel, Spain	View
MIV001	Neolithic to Bronze Age Transition in Iberia	2200 BCE	Barcelona. Terrasa. Miquel Vives, Spain	View
CBR004	Bronze Age Cabezo Redondo, Southeast Spain	1538 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Cabezo Redondo, Spain	View
CMO001	The Argaric Culture of Southeast Iberia	1881 BCE	Murcia. Moratalla. Cerro del Morrón, Spain	View
CMO002	The Argaric Culture of Southeast Iberia	1888 BCE	Murcia. Moratalla. Cerro del Morrón, Spain	View
CMO003	The Argaric Culture of Southeast Iberia	1750 BCE	Murcia. Moratalla. Cerro del Morrón, Spain	View
LOT001	The Argaric Culture of Southeast Iberia	2021 BCE	Murcia. Lorca. Los Tintes, Spain	View
MMI004	The Argaric Culture of Southeast Iberia	2000 BCE	Murcia. Lorca. Madre Mercedarias Iglesias, Spain	View
LHO003	Bronze Age Southeast Iberia	1669 BCE	Alicante. Aspe. La Horna, Spain	View
PLZ001	Bronze Age Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Peñón de la Zorra, Spain	View
PUC001	Bronze Age Southeast Iberia	1879 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Puntal de los Carniceros, Spain	View
PUC002	Bronze Age Southeast Iberia	1741 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Puntal de los Carniceros, Spain	View
PUC003	Bronze Age Southeast Iberia	1882 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Puntal de los Carniceros, Spain	View
PUC004	Bronze Age Southeast Iberia	1748 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Puntal de los Carniceros, Spain	View
CDM001	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	2559 BCE	Murcia. Caravaca. Camino del Molino, Spain	View
CDM002	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	2579 BCE	Murcia. Caravaca. Camino del Molino, Spain	View
CDM003	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Murcia. Caravaca. Camino del Molino, Spain	View
CDM004	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Murcia. Caravaca. Camino del Molino, Spain	View
CDM005	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Murcia. Caravaca. Camino del Molino, Spain	View
CDP001	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Alicante. Planes. Cova d' En Pardo, Spain	View
CDP002	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Alicante. Planes. Cova d' En Pardo, Spain	View
CDP006	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Alicante. Planes. Cova d' En Pardo, Spain	View
CDP008	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Alicante. Planes. Cova d' En Pardo, Spain	View
CDP011	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Alicante. Planes. Cova d' En Pardo, Spain	View
CLL001	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain	View
CLL002	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain	View
CLL003	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain	View
CLL004	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain	View
CLL005	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain	View
CLL006	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain	View
CLL008	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain	View
CLL009	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain	View
CLL010	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain	View
CLL011	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain	View
CDP003	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Alicante. Planes. Cova d' En Pardo, Spain	View
CDP009	Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Alicante. Planes. Cova d' En Pardo, Spain	View
MON013	Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia	3300 BCE	Sevilla. Valencina de la Concepción. PP4-Montelirio, Spain	View
MON015	Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia	3300 BCE	Sevilla. Valencina de la Concepción. PP4-Montelirio, Spain	View
MON016	Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia	3300 BCE	Sevilla. Valencina de la Concepción. PP4-Montelirio, Spain	View
MON017	Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia	3300 BCE	Sevilla. Valencina de la Concepción. PP4-Montelirio, Spain	View
MON029	Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia	3300 BCE	Sevilla. Valencina de la Concepción. PP4-Montelirio, Spain	View
MON014	Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia	1750 BCE	PP4-Montelirio (Andalusia, Sevilla, Valencina de la Concepción), Spain	View
MON019	Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia	3300 BCE	PP4-Montelirio (Andalusia, Sevilla, Valencina de la Concepción), Spain	View
MON020	Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia	3300 BCE	PP4-Montelirio (Andalusia, Sevilla, Valencina de la Concepción), Spain	View
MON021	Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia	3300 BCE	PP4-Montelirio (Andalusia, Sevilla, Valencina de la Concepción), Spain	View
MON033	Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia	3300 BCE	PP4-Montelirio (Andalusia, Sevilla, Valencina de la Concepción), Spain	View
MON036	Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia	2893 BCE	PP4-Montelirio (Andalusia, Sevilla, Valencina de la Concepción), Spain	View
ZAP002	The Argaric Culture of Spain	2200 BCE	Murcia. Lorca. Zapatería, Spain	View

Sample ID	Culture/Period	Date	Location	Action
LHO003	Bronze Age Southeast Iberia	1669 BCE	Alicante. Aspe. La Horna, Spain	View
PLZ001	Bronze Age Southeast Iberia	3300 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Peñón de la Zorra, Spain	View
PUC001	Bronze Age Southeast Iberia	1879 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Puntal de los Carniceros, Spain	View
PUC002	Bronze Age Southeast Iberia	1741 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Puntal de los Carniceros, Spain	View
PUC003	Bronze Age Southeast Iberia	1882 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Puntal de los Carniceros, Spain	View
PUC004	Bronze Age Southeast Iberia	1748 BCE	Alicante. Villena. Puntal de los Carniceros, Spain	View

Sources

References

Scientific publications and genetic data that inform this profile.

Scientific Publication

Genomic transformation and social organization during the Copper Age-Bronze Age transition in southern Iberia

Authors Villalba-Mouco V, Oliart C, Rihuete-Herrada C, Childebayeva A, Rohrlach AB et al.

Abstract

The emerging Bronze Age (BA) of southeastern Iberia saw marked social changes. Late Copper Age (CA) settlements were abandoned in favor of hilltop sites, and collective graves were largely replaced by single or double burials with often distinctive grave goods indirectly reflecting a hierarchical social organization, as exemplified by the BA El Argar group. We explored this transition from a genomic viewpoint by tripling the amount of data available for this period. Concomitant with the rise of El Argar starting ~2200 cal BCE, we observe a complete turnover of Y-chromosome lineages along with the arrival of steppe-related ancestry. This pattern is consistent with a founder effect in male lineages, supported by our finding that males shared more relatives at sites than females. However, simple two-source models do not find support in some El Argar groups, suggesting additional genetic contributions from the Mediterranean that could predate the BA.

View in DNAGENICS View Original Publication

G25 Coordinates

These coordinates represent a position in genetic space, a tool for comparison, not a conclusion. You can use these to perform custom admixture analysis in G25 Studio.

PUC003,0.12126104,0.15359734,0.03916008,-0.01218928,0.05351656,-0.00802192,-0.00109,0.00391218,0.02944446,0.04834546,-0.00656622,0.013346,-0.02321678,-0.01210764,0.0020563,-0.00038266,-0.00177728,-0.00074,-0.00040774,-0.00304258,0.00341216,0.00421044,-0.01128904,-0.01066326,0.00193687

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