Large-Scale Isotopic Data Reveal Gendered Migration into Early Medieval England c ad 400–1100
Sam Leggett, Susanne Hakenbeck, Tamsin C. O'Connell
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Abstract
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A large-scale isotopic meta-analysis of burials from England dating to c. AD 400–1100 identifies gendered, regionally distinct, and time-varying patterns of mobility. Movement into England appears continuous, with notable activity in the 7th–8th centuries, and tooth-enamel isotope signals track climatic episodes such as the Late Antique Little Ice Age. The data indicate diverse migrant origins across northwest Europe and possibly the Mediterranean. In comparison with recent ancient DNA results, the study argues for moving beyond ethnic labels toward a nuanced understanding of identity and migration in early medieval England.
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